diff --git a/tests/api/health_check.rs b/tests/api/health_check.rs
index 76c77a3..85e9648 100644
--- a/tests/api/health_check.rs
+++ b/tests/api/health_check.rs
@@ -1,17 +1,12 @@
-use crate::helpers::{spawn_app, TestApp};
+use crate::helpers::spawn_app;
 
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn health_check_works() {
     // Arrange
-    let TestApp { address, .. } = spawn_app().await;
+    let app = spawn_app().await;
 
     // Act
-    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
-    let response = client
-        .get(format!("{address}/health_check"))
-        .send()
-        .await
-        .expect("Failed to execute request.");
+    let response = app.get_health_check().await;
 
     // Assert
     assert!(response.status().is_success());
diff --git a/tests/api/helpers.rs b/tests/api/helpers.rs
index c80a827..ccee1ce 100644
--- a/tests/api/helpers.rs
+++ b/tests/api/helpers.rs
@@ -27,6 +27,25 @@ pub struct TestApp {
     pub db_pool: PgPool,
 }
 
+impl TestApp {
+    pub async fn get_health_check(&self) -> reqwest::Response {
+        reqwest::Client::new()
+            .get(&format!("{}/health_check", &self.address))
+            .send()
+            .await
+            .expect("Failed to execute request.")
+    }
+    pub async fn post_subscriptions(&self, body: String) -> reqwest::Response {
+        reqwest::Client::new()
+            .post(&format!("{}/subscriptions", &self.address))
+            .header("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
+            .body(body)
+            .send()
+            .await
+            .expect("Failed to execute request.")
+    }
+}
+
 pub async fn spawn_app() -> TestApp {
     // The first time `initialize` is invoked the code in `TRACING` is executed.
     // All other invocations will instead skip execution.
@@ -60,7 +79,6 @@ pub async fn spawn_app() -> TestApp {
 
     TestApp {
         address,
-        // address: format!("http://localhost:{}", application_port),
         // port: application_port,
         db_pool: connection_pool,
         // email_server,
diff --git a/tests/api/subscriptions.rs b/tests/api/subscriptions.rs
index 4ef4942..276fd09 100644
--- a/tests/api/subscriptions.rs
+++ b/tests/api/subscriptions.rs
@@ -3,8 +3,7 @@ use crate::helpers::{spawn_app, TestApp};
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn subscribe_returns_a_422_when_data_is_missing() {
     // Arrange
-    let TestApp { address, .. } = spawn_app().await;
-    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+    let app = spawn_app().await;
     let test_cases = vec![
         ("name=le%20guin", "missing the email"),
         ("email=ursula_le_guin%40gmail.com", "missing the name"),
@@ -13,13 +12,7 @@ async fn subscribe_returns_a_422_when_data_is_missing() {
 
     for (invalid_body, error_message) in test_cases {
         // Act
-        let response = client
-            .post(&format!("{address}/subscriptions"))
-            .header("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
-            .body(invalid_body)
-            .send()
-            .await
-            .expect("Failed to execute request.");
+        let response = app.post_subscriptions(invalid_body.into()).await;
 
         // Assert
         assert_eq!(
@@ -35,17 +28,10 @@ async fn subscribe_returns_a_422_when_data_is_missing() {
 async fn subscribe_returns_a_200_for_valid_form_data() {
     // Arrange
     let app = spawn_app().await;
-    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+    let body = "name=le%20guin&email=ursula_le_guin%40gmail.com";
 
     // Act
-    let body = "name=le%20guin&email=ursula_le_guin%40gmail.com";
-    let response = client
-        .post(&format!("{}/subscriptions", &app.address))
-        .header("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
-        .body(body)
-        .send()
-        .await
-        .expect("Failed to execute request.");
+    let response = app.post_subscriptions(body.into()).await;
 
     // Assert
     assert_eq!(200, response.status().as_u16());
@@ -63,7 +49,6 @@ async fn subscribe_returns_a_200_for_valid_form_data() {
 async fn subscribe_returns_a_400_when_fields_are_present_but_invalid() {
     // Arrange
     let app = spawn_app().await;
-    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
     let test_cases = vec![
         ("name=&email=ursula_le_guin%40gmail.com", "empty name"),
         ("name=Ursula&email=", "empty email"),
@@ -72,13 +57,7 @@ async fn subscribe_returns_a_400_when_fields_are_present_but_invalid() {
 
     for (body, description) in test_cases {
         // Act
-        let response = client
-            .post(&format!("{}/subscriptions", &app.address))
-            .header("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
-            .body(body)
-            .send()
-            .await
-            .expect("Failed to execute request.");
+        let response = app.post_subscriptions(body.into()).await;
 
         // Assert
         assert_eq!(